for the week of 05.10.07
A client is admitted with the diagnosis of meningitis. Which of the following assessments would the nurse expect to find in assessing this client?
1. Hyperextension of the neck with passive shoulder flexion
2. Flexion of the hip and knees with passive flexion of the neck
3. Flexion of the legs with rebound tenderness
4. Hyperflexion of the neck with rebound flexion of the legs
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The correct answer is number: 2
A positive Brudzinski’s sign—flexion of hip and knees with passive flexion of the neck; a positive Kernig’s sign—inability to extend the knee to more than 135 degrees, without pain behind the knee, while the hip is flexed usually establishes the diagnosis of meningitis.
Test-taking Tips:
First as you read the options make a picture in your mind or act out the description. The only one that makes sense is option 2. Other points are that the key words in this question are 'meningitis' and 'expected assessment finding.' If guessing narrow the options down to the two that are similar but dissimilar. This would lead you to options 2 and 3 in that they both focus on 'flexion.' At first glance, you might think options 1 and 4 are similar but dissimilar. However, one focuses on 'hyperflexion' vs. 'extension'—two different things. Associate the word 'neck' in option 2 with the content of this question—'meningitis.'
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